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Users of PyPSA
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The following universities, research institutes, companies and non-governmental organisations are known to have either used PyPSA in the past, or to continue to use PyPSA. This list is necessarily incomplete, since we cannot track who uses PyPSA and we only find out who our users are when they contact the main developers of PyPSA.

Research publications that cite the `PyPSA research paper <https://doi.org/10.5334/jors.188>`_ can be found on `Google Scholar <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=11241966939032736670&as_sdt=5>`_.

The 1st PyPSA user meeting in 10/2022 gives good insight into the use of PyPSA in the energy sector.

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Universities and Research Institutes
====================================

* `Technische Universität Berlin <https://www.ensys.tu-berlin.de/>`_ (TUB, where PyPSA development continues): multiple research papers, for example: `doi.org:10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105354 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105354>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.120784 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.120784>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118859 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118859>`_

* `Karlsruhe Institute of Technology <https://www.kit.edu/>`_ (KIT, where PyPSA development continues): multiple research papers, for example: `doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.222 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.222)>`_, `doi:10.1109/EEM.2019.8916411 <https://www.doi.org/10.1109/EEM.2019.8916411>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.esr.2018.08.012 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.08.012>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106690 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106690>`_, `doi:10.1145/3396851.3397688 <https://doi.org/10.1145/3396851.3397688>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116726 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116726>`_, `doi:10.1186/s42162-022-00187-7 <https://doi.org/10.1186/s42162-022-00187-7>`_

* `Aarhus University <https://www.au.dk/>`_ in Denmark: multiple research papers, for example: `doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.009 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.009>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.016 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.016>`_, `doi:10.1002/pip.3198 <https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3198>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2019.111977 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.111977>`_, `doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20015-4 <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20015-4>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.joule.2022.04.016 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2022.04.016>`_

* `Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies <https://fias.science/>`_ (FIAS, where PyPSA was initially developed): multiple research papers, for example: `doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.004 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.004>`_, `doi:10.1109/EEM.2017.7982024 <https://doi.org/10.1109/EEM.2017.7982024>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.070 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.070>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.084 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.084>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2017.12.034 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.12.034>`_

* `TU Delft <https://www.tudelft.nl/>`_ in the Netherlands: multiple research papers: `doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2018.04.037 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.04.037>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.111 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.111>`_

* `Joint Research Centre (JRC) <https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/index_en>`_ of the `European Commission <https://ec.europa.eu/info/index_en>`_ converted METIS/PRIMES scenarios for the `Fit for 55 package to PyPSA networks <https://zenodo.org/record/7065568#.YygkDKRByMo>`_ in 2022 and used PyPSA for further research: `doi:10.3390/en15124233 <https://doi.org/10.3390/en15124233>`_ in 2022. In 2023, JRC used PyPSA for the study `"MODECO – Modelling study on the role of energy communities in the energy transition" <https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC132896/JRC132896_01.pdf>`_

* `Chalmers University <https://www.chalmers.se/>`_ in Sweden: research paper: `doi.org:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016>`_

* `UiT The Arctic University of Norway (UiT) <https://uit.no/>`_ and the `University of Oslo (UiO) <https://www.uio.no/>`_ use PyPSA for studying near-optimal spaces in renewable electricity system planning: `doi.org:10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106496 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106496>`_.

* `PyPSA-meets-Earth initiative <https://pypsa-meets-earth.github.io/>`_ including `University of Edinburgh <https://www.ed.ac.uk/>`_, `University of Pisa <https://www.unipi.it/index.php/english/>`_ and `others <https://pypsa-earth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/project_structure_and_credits.html>`_, uses PyPSA for joint research. Example publications: `PyPSA-Earth. A new global open energy system optimization model demonstrated in Africa <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121096>`_

* `Reiner Lemoine Institute <https://reiner-lemoine-institut.de/>`_, `Center for Sustainable Energy Systems <https://www.znes-flensburg.de/>`_ in Flensburg, Germany: consortial project `open-Ego <https://github.com/openego>`_, multiple publications: `doi:10.3390/en12112091 <https://doi.org/10.3390/en12112091>`_, `doi:10.1088/1742-6596/977/1/012007 <https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/977/1/012007>`_, `doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116936 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116936>`_

* `Kyoto University <https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en>`_ in Japan: uses PyPSA to model several high PV penetration scenarios in Kyushu, the southernmost region of Japan, where PV capacity has been rapidly growing since 2012 and PV curtailment started in 2018: `doi:10.3390/en14092389 <https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092389>`_,  `doi:10.3390/en14154496 <https://doi.org/10.3390/en14154496>`_

* `University of Geneva <https://www.unige.ch/>`_ in Switzerland: research paper `doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18812-y <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18812-y>`_

* `Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems <https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/>`_ (ISE): uses PyPSA for grid modelling, research paper: `doi:/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106349 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106349>`_

* `DLR Institute of Networked Energy Systems <https://www.dlr.de/ve/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-12472/21440_read-49440/>`_ in Oldenburg, Germany: research paper `doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114523 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114523>`_ and a `dataset publication <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-01992-9>`_ for the Brazilian power system.

* `University of Oxford <https://www.ox.ac.uk/>`_ and the `University of Sevilla <https://www.us.es/>`_ in a `study <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122331>`_ on the role of regionally resolved heat pump demand in power system design

* `Council for Scientific and Industrial Research <https://www.csir.co.za/>`_ (CSIR) in South Africa: research publication `arXiv:1710.11199 <https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.11199>`_

* `Energiewirtschaftliches Institut zu Köln <https://www.ewi.uni-koeln.de/de/>`_ (EWI): research publication `Working Paper, No 17/09 <https://www.ewi.research-scenarios.de/cms/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/EWI_WP_17-09_Build_Wind_Capacities_at_Windy_Locations.pdf>`_

* `Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Infrastructures and Geothermal Systems <https://www.ieg.fraunhofer.de/>`_ (IEG): uses PyPSA-Eur-Sec for infrastructure analysis in Europe

* `EIA University <https://www.eia.edu.co/>`_ in Medellin, Columbia: uses PyPSA for modelling the Columbian power system in  a joint research project with South American transmission company `ISA <http://www.isa.co/>`_

* `Dublin City University <https://dcu.ie/>`_ and the `SFI Insight Centre for Data Analytics <https://www.insight-centre.org/>`_: use PyPSA for the `OESM project <https://sites.google.com/a/dcu.ie/dcuecrn/projects/oesm-ie>`_ modelling the Irish energy system

* `INATECH <https://www.inatech.uni-freiburg.de/en>`_ at `University of Freiburg <https://uni-freiburg.de/>`_

* `Institut für Energiesystemtechnik <https://www.ines.hs-offenburg.de/>`_  at `Hochschule Offenburg <https://www.hs-offenburg.de/>`_

* `Forschungszentrum Jülich <https://www.fz-juelich.de/>`_ (FZJ) for network calculations

* `Forschungsstelle für Energienetze und Energiespeicher (FENES) <https://www.fenes.net/>`_ at `Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg <https://www.oth-regensburg.de/>`_

* `TH Köln <https://www.th-koeln.de/>`_ used PyPSA for `a study on the role of renewables, storage and sector-coupling flexibilities in Germany at varying carbon-dioxide emission levels <https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610379>`_.


Companies, Governmental and Non-Governmental Organisations
==========================================================

* `TransnetBW <https://www.transnetbw.de/>`_ (the electricity transmission system operator in southwest Germany), `ONTRAS <https://www.ontras.com/>`_, (the gas transmission system operator in eastern Germany) and `d-fine <https://www.d-fine.com/>`_ (the consultancy firm): used PyPSA-Eur-Sec for a study in 2020 of the grid requirements in 2050 with a 90% reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in electricity, buildings and transport, see `Stromnetz 2050 <https://www.transnetbw.de/de/stromnetz2050/>`_, for an article in a 2021 issue of Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen `Die Rolle von Wasserstoff in einem klimaneutralen europäischen Energiesystem – eine modellbasierte Analyse bis 2050 <https://www.d-fine.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Wasserstoff_et_0102-2021.pdf>`_, and for their 2022 study `Energy System 2050 - Towards a decarbonised Europe <https://www.energysystem2050.net/>`_.

* `Open Energy Transition <https://openenergytransition.org/>`_, a non-profit software company and environmental think tank: uses, develops and provides commercial support and training for PyPSA. List of projects: `https://openenergytransition.org/projects.html <https://openenergytransition.org/projects.html>`_

* `The Energy and Resources Institute <https://www.teriin.org/>`_ (TERI) in New Delhi, India: Used PyPSA for a 2020 government-supported study of the Indian power system in 2030, see `Renewable Power Pathways Report <https://www.teriin.org/sites/default/files/2020-07/Renewable-Power-Pathways-Report.pdf>`_, and for a study in 2021 `A Model-Based Assessment of Variable Renewable Grid Integration Costs in India <https://www.teriin.org/sites/default/files/2021-02/A_Modal-Based_Assessment_Report_0.pdf>`_

* `Ember <https://ember-climate.org/>`_, a UK-based climate NGO: published a study in September 2022 on a `gas phase-out in the UK by 2030 <https://ember-climate.org/insights/research/uk-gas-power-phase-out/>`_ based on their open model `PyPSA-UK <https://github.com/ember-climate/pypsa-uk>`_

* `Agora Energiewende <https://www.agora-energiewende.de/>`_, a think tank and policy institute in Germany: uses PyPSA for energy system integration studies, see for example this study from 2020: `Minimizing the cost of integrating wind and solar power in Japan <https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/minimizing-the-cost-of-integrating-wind-and-solar-power-in-japan/>`_

* `Austrian Power Grid (APG) <https://www.apg.at/>`_, the Austrian TSO, uses PyPSA for its system vision of the Austrian energy system up to 2050, as shown in `this talk <https://www.tugraz.at/fileadmin/user_upload/tugrazExternal/738639ca-39a0-4129-b0f0-38b384c12b57/files/pr/Session_A3/132_PR_Spindler.pdf>`_ and `this project description <https://www.apg.at/projekte/zusammen-2040/>`_.

* `The Rocky Mountain Institute <https://rmi.org/>`_ (RMI), a non-profit organization in the United States focused on a zero-carbon future, used PyPSA for analysing the levelised cost of hydrogen in different parts of the world in a study from 2021: `Fueling the Transition: Accelerating Cost-Competitive Green Hydrogen <https://rmi.org/insight/fueling-the-transition-accelerating-cost-competitive-green-hydrogen/>`_

* `Climate Analytics <https://climateanalytics.org/>`_, a non-profit climate science and policy institute, uses PyPSA for energy system studies, see for example this study from 2021: `Employment opportunities from a coal-to-renewables transition in South Korea <https://climateanalytics.org/publications/2021/employment-opportunities-from-a-coal-to-renewables-transition-in-south-korea/>`_

* `Instrat <https://instrat.pl/en/>`_, a think-tank focused on public policy in Poland, built PyPSA-PL and published reports in 2021 including `What's next after coal? RES potential in Poland <http://instrat.pl/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Instrat-What-next-after-coal-v.1.2.pdf>`_ and `Achieving the goal: Coal phase-out in the Polish power sector <https://instrat.pl/en/coal-phase-out/>`_

* `GIZ <https://www.giz.de/en/html/index.html>`_, the  German Agency for
  International Cooperation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale
  Zusammenarbeit) published and supported several studies based on PyPSA for the
  `integration of renewables into the Vietnamese power system
  <http://gizenergy.org.vn/media/app/media/Research%20Cooperation%20Project%20Fact%20Sheet_final.pdf>`_,
  `power sector analysis for Thailand <https://static.agora-energiewende.de/fileadmin/Partnerpublikationen/2021/CASE_Beyond_Net_Zero_Empowering_Climate_Mitigation/Towards_a_collective_vision_of_Thai_energy_transition_full_report.pdf>`_ within the CASE programme, `the
  future of the Indonesian power system <https://energynautics.com/en/pypsa/>`_ within the "1000 Islands"
  programme, and the `Brazilian electricity system <https://www.energy-proceedings.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Y.Deng_PyPSA-Brazil_ICAE2021_final_revised.pdf>`_

* The `Canada Energy Regulator (CER) <https://www.cer-rec.gc.ca/en/>`_, an agency of the Government of Canada, used PyPSA for its `Canada's Energy Future 2023 report <https://www.cer-rec.gc.ca/en/data-analysis/canada-energy-future/2023/appendix-3/>`_

* `Meridian Economics <https://meridianeconomics.co.za/>`_, a consultancy based in South Africa, uses PyPSA ecosystem tools and PyPSA-Earth for South Africa. Studies published in June 2022 were on `load shedding in 2021 <https://meridianeconomics.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Resolving-Load-Shedding-Part-A-2021-analysis-01.pdf>`_ and `a plan to resolve load shedding <https://meridianeconomics.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Resolving-Load-Shedding-Part-B-The-Game-Plan-01.pdf>`_

* `Energynautics GmbH <https://energynautics.com/>`_, a grid integration consultancy in Germany: used PyPSA for a study of decentral electricity and heat integration in power grids in a study for the Rhineland-Palatinate state government in 2021: `Pilotprojekt Dezentralisierung: Stärkere Dezentralisierung des bundesdeutschen Strom-Wärme-Systems: Rechtliche und organisatorische Rahmenbedingungen sowie infrastrukturelle Folgen <https://mkuem.rlp.de/fileadmin/mulewf/Themen/Energie_und_Strahlenschutz/Energie/Endbericht_Pilotprojekt_Dezentralisierung_2021_v2.pdf>`_ (`summary in English <https://energynautics.com/en/decentrality-study-for-rhineland-palatinate-completed/>`_)

* `Witteveen+Bos <https://www.witteveenbos.com/about-us/>`_, a Dutch engineering and consultancy company, used PyPSA in 2022 to consult the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy in Netherlands: `Scenario study on nuclear energy <https://eriskgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Scenario-study-nuclear-energy-Conclusions-and-Summary.pdf>`_

* `Saudi Aramco <https://www.aramco.com/>`_: used PyPSA for an assessment of renewables integration in 2019, see `arXiv:1709.03761 <https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.03761>`_

* `Shell <https://www.shell.com/>`_: uses PyPSA for electricity market simulations in Europe

* `ISA <http://www.isa.co/>`_, a South American transmission company: uses PyPSA for modelling the Columbian power system in a joint research project with `EIA University <https://www.eia.edu.co/>`_ in Medellin, Columbia

* `elena international <https://www.elena-international.com/>`_: uses PyPSA for customer projects and the research cooperation `NETFLEX <https://www.zhaw.ch/en/research/research-database/project-detailview/projektid/3026/>`_

* `Edison Energy <https://www.edisonenergy.com/>`_

* `spire <https://www.spireenergy.com/>`_

* `Energy Consulting Christian Meyer <http://www.energy-consulting-meyer.de/>`_